Europe's desert energy dreams _ focuses on patient

The European dream of desert energy manuscripts: Southern Metropolis 2010- 06-06 compilation: Woo summary: in order to meet the growing needs of the new energy, the European project in the Sahara desert to build huge solar power station, built every year for the Europe 700 too WHr power, more than 100 nuclear power generating capacity. The Desertec project is able to avoid an energy crisis, stop climate change, eradicate poverty in Africa is ambitious. But that which is with obstacles, first of all, 4000 billion euros in cost so prohibitive. Andalucia's PS20 is the world's largest solar power Tower, power enough it produces 2 million households use. But the same principle of the Desertec project every year for the Europe 700 too WHr power. Spain Audre Sol solar power technology was invented 100 years ago in Egypt: made with parabolic trough mirrors, steam, and promote the steam pump. California's Mojave desert solar power Tower is surrounded by a large mirror, mirror reflection will be near the top of the Tower of sunshine to the receiver. Accumulation of heat is the pipeline in water heating, water vapour and promote the turbine generator. In order to meet the growing needs of the new energy, the European project in the Sahara desert to build huge solar power station, built every year for the Europe 700 too WHr power, more than 100 nuclear power generating capacity. The Desertec project is able to avoid an energy crisis, stop climate change, eradicate poverty in Africa is ambitious. But that which is with obstacles, first of all, 4000 billion euros in cost so prohibitive. When the sun rises over the remains thin, Andalucia, the future seems hazy. At this point, like the same rough tree trunks, as sharp as the laser light penetrates the mist. They are two tall tower top bottom position, one high tower high 162 m. These beams are not from UFO (unidentified flying object), which is the world's most advanced solar power station of core parts. Two tall tower is approximately 2000 side facing the Sun surrounded by mirrors. Each mirror's surface area is about 120 square meters, as they like sunflower, following the rays of sunlight reflected back to the tower at the top of the receiver. Aggregation of Sun energy can reach 250 ¡æ, penetrating the steel tube, internal water, steam and promote a turbine generator. This set of facilities named PS20, is the world's largest solar power Tower, generating sufficient supply 1 million households. This spring morning, 20 km west of Seville, sky blue, not a cloud. "Today is very easy," Enrique · Cyrus · Roldan said with satisfaction. Turbine hummed, solar power Tower is working at full capacity. Engineer Roldan's work is from the control room at the bottom of the Tower in supervised. Whenever a large clouds in the sky, he will immediately adjust the system to sunnier specular accept more. Everything is designed to harvest light. Install a huge blue cleaning brush trucks often in rows of mirror Middle roaming. Roldan "us 24 hours a day in the wipe clean. " Ideal cable lucar (Solúcar) power plant of solar power Tower from Spain Abengoa group, is today the most cutting edge solar industry. Scientists love this technology because it put the solar energy into electric energy efficiency is very high. Cable lucar is D esertec (desert technology) of a prototype. While the Desertec is the 21st century typical huge energy plans, intentions from the Sahara desert to the European supply of clean renewable solar energy. It claims to be able to avoid an energy crisis, stop global warming, while also eliminating poverty in Africa. It is not difficult to imagine that last summer, when the 12 companies made D esertec industrial plan, politicians and experts praise. These 12 companies, including Siemens, Deutsche Bank, Germany's energy giants Italy-RW group, E power companies. If this dream can become reality, they are eager to be a piece of the action. The Prime Minister from Germany, the European Commission President to ordinary people are excited for this plan. It is said that in 40 years for EuropeChau all taken from renewable energy sources, including some from the Sahara desert. For many people, this dream even more meaningful than the moon. However, its construction cost estimate as high as 4000 billion euros, is obviously more expensive than the moon. It is estimated that the future one day, Sahara desert power stations each year for the Europe 700 too WHr (1 too WHr is equal to 10 billion kWh) of electricity, more than 100 nuclear power generating capacity. Initially, this seems to break ground at once — funded by the Munich Reinsurance company, Deutsche Bank provides loans, Siemens company, a string of giant power station building. At least North Africa governments think so. "A major problem facing the Desertec because public expectations too high," Germany technical cooperation Council in North Africa Energy Affairs Coordinator Mike · enskat said, "where people think so : D esertec is coming, the European Council to throw billions euros here. ”现实但事实永远更加复杂。 Just go to Munich Desertec industrial plan office take a trip soon realized that the future is still far away. "At present we are just getting started, the Office is only one, to accommodate 8 people," the spokesman of the Desertec · Alexander Mohanty said. This Office is far too crowded, every time you want to go on to make a phone call, he is outside. Each participating company in each of the collective fund invest 15 million euros, on Siemens and RW E such a company was a passing mention of pocket money. D esertec CEO amiable man Paul · Netherlands · Sam van was the first to give people's expectations of "cold water we are investors," he said, "we are a project developer. ”那么他们到底是什么？“我们只是个点子，”范·桑说，“一个运动。 "For now, the sun worshippers busy lobbying Germany Government, EU and other European and Nordic countries, the Government, want to understand exactly what is needed, the Desertec to meet the conditions required to put this idea into a reality. Initial building programmes also in the design. Desertec's launch companies want to invest, but the prerequisite is to market and price undertakings, and the World Bank and the climate fund, support and guaranteed. If you do not have a taxpayer and energy consumers money, will not be able to realize the Desertec. It also depends on the EU country with a unified European energy policy to replace a variety of national policies. It also needs to find and Libya and other countries of North Africa. Morocco was selected as the next few years, the first phase of the implementation of the pilot project. Not only 12 Desertec company, anyone can participate in the project bid. Experiment plan to achieve improved technology to reduce cost of purpose, will be able to start a new round of bidding. Even then, the massive power stations still Desertec. If the programme prove successful large construction started, is feasible, nor will it be to several billion watts of power. More likely to have hundreds of medium-power station, from various parts of the desert, they funded a number of different investors. Even these small power station D affixed esertec sign is similar to some of the "environment certificate". Power station of investors and builders are the others. "We are the pioneer," van · Hassan said, "and then we'll put all the stuff to market. " This perhaps is not something that people might think that expensive project, but more practical , RW E renewable energy leader Fritz · vahrenholt said. D , he said esertec plan of "exaggerated optimism," let him feel confused. He did not think that, in just 15 years, the Sahara desert solar is sufficient to meet the energy needs of much of Europe. Even so, Valentin Holt said , RW E now on this project obviously greater confidence. Competitiveness cause optimism is mainly due to solar thermal technologies may soon be competitive. Experts estimate that the current solar power costs per kilowatt hour for 20 euro, over the next decade will be cut in half. This will allow the use of solar thermal technology for production of electrical energy than today's windPower your almost 2 times (the current wind power costs about 6 euro per kilowatt hour), but better than solar panels used in PV technology many cheaper. However, PV is a major obstacle to Desertec, because it consumes the potential funding. In the next 20 years, since 2000, enacted the law on renewable energy, photovoltaic power generation could spend approximately 1000 Germany consumer billion euros. This Act requires that Germany's power grid Corporation must make renewable energy out of the electric power grid inside incorporated into, and incorporated in the price is fixed, equivalent to a regular price of a few times. But also in Germany, energy subsidies mode is the end user to pay the Bill, the Government's financial and power companies not fished. Neither the wind or solar, all integrated into the price per once inside, this section, pay by the end user. Results are, who consume more energy, who on the magnitude of the renewable energy subsidies. Although Germany PV accounted for only 1% of the electricity supply, Valentin Holt said, "but if the money is invested into the Desertec, will be able to take advantage of the prices much more power. " " I think he was a pioneer of PV, so this technique is preferred, but the Government for its support completely out of control, "Kassel Fraunhofer wind power and energy systems technology Institute, Jurgen · Schmidt said," we will be endless money for an expensive technology, although there is also the same clean, no emission of another cheaper technology to choose from. " Schmidt, dreaming of the next day, Europe cannot rely entirely on wind energy, solar power from North Africa and from Norway's hydro power meets all energy needs. He said that it fully every kilowatt hour 4-5-minute price. "Then we will have absolute superiority. " In the desert with solar collectors of power caused more and more interest. Southern Spain is the construction of large-scale solar power stations. United States of California, Arizona and New Mexico are planning similar projects. "Solar technology growth curve is almost the same, and wind power to more than 10 years later," meaning en group climate and renewable energy's CEO Frank · MAS mention aux said that "investment in this technology is that we must be strategic. " Creative who D esertec concept was born in an apartment of Hamburg, 72-year-old Gerhard · Ke nice wearing red Plaid Shirt and jeans, looks younger than her age. He is a physicist, in Hamburg e synchrotron laboratory work, research constitute the world's most basic substances. Ke nice people used to ask the big questions, like big answers. The oil crisis and Chernobyl disaster he began thinking about the fragile nature of industrial society. He calculated that the Earth receives energy than human needs. He pointed to a slide on a vast Africa surrounded by the little square, the total cumulative world desert 4000 million square kilometres, only need 3/1000 is sufficient to meet all of the solar energy supply — average to the head, each of 20 square meters. Climate change is Ke nice idea to increase the power. He warned that "the continued use of fossil fuels is the collective crime in the future. "He organized the meeting, the Ministry of the environment from Germany to apply for research funding, managed to convince the Germany space centre, at the time of the Club of Rome (1968 invasive in Rome of an international advisory body, from the five continents of entrepreneurs, economists, scientists, current and former heads of State, the composition, number of members is limited to 100 people. They have food, population, industry, environmental and other global issues regularly published reports and forecasting), Jordan's Prince Hassan. "I have always considered to be a nerd," Ke nice said that "when I entered the field of solar energy, there is a kind of hate that people seem to care only about where to get money from. ”柯尼斯的思维更广阔更远大。 3 years ago, he invented the term "Desertec to give greater impetus to the idea. Ke nice called "sustainable self-help groups, which rely on politicians is impossible. Their action is too slow. " Ke nice, just a few little bits and roof-mounted solar panels alone is not enough to save the climate. "Global players" must be involved, even and big energy supplier cooperation means "signed an agreement with the devil. "It is precisely for this reason, the Desertec Foundation was established in the Rome Club this non-profit organization. The organization not only meet to solve the world energy problems. Rome Club Germany Association Max · Sean said, DeseRtec offers not only power. It will show, "the Middle East and West, Islam and Christianity can work together. " D esertec to create jobs, improve the economy of North Africa, thus reducing the flow of economic migrants in Europe. Since solar power station can desalination, by the way also resolved the conflicts caused by competing for water resources. The task now is to convince the energy industry, these are all worthy goal. Van · Sam apparently already been convinced. He said , D esertec will attempt to "reach national, cultural and solidarity between the Government," even in southern Africa, because all people will wish to join the plan. Feasibility Germany Christian Democratic Union members, former United Nations Environment Programme Executive Director Klaus Töpfer · Phil heard similar arguments always annoyed. As D esertec "strategic consultancy", he wished to solve the problem of world peace to others. He is more concerned about clean energy, good business ideas and feasibility. He said, "If you only rely on Europe or North Africa, this plan is not complete, the former does not have the resources, the latter do not have the money. "Therefore, in order to make this program successful must ensure that both parties profit. In the top field, since it is in the power stations on African soil, first of all should provide power for Africa. And do not say that African countries needed to power, to the European cable also does not already exist. Germany Ministry dedicated founded the D esert plans and intergovernmental coordination group. Their spokesman also on top Phil's point of view. He said that the primary purpose of the plan is to "address this area of the rapidly growing demand for electricity. In the long term, production of electrical energy in the desert can certainly provide for European energy security, clean. " From political point of view this is reasonable, but raising capital is complicated. In North Africa, the Government granted power high subsidies. In Egypt, for example, residential electricity tariffs for each kWh less than 1 euro. This means that investors must post the African market subsidies, real money have ultimate power North after transmission. According to D esertec strategy to import electricity only accounted for the total energy consumption in Europe of 15% to 20%, the remaining portion must rely on local wind, hydro, biomass and solar power generation. Nevertheless, the heat of the Sun from Africa continues to be the perfect Germany energy form. As Europe's most important renewable energy sources — wind energy — quite unreliable, but North Africa desert sunshine is consistent. With a liquid salt, such as media, solar thermal can store more than 24 hours, with little loss. These stored energy can at night or on cloudy when released. So solar power station like nuclear power, to the satisfaction of basic load (meet consumer demand and production expected minimum charge). Germany DLR Franz · Terry Burton said, this makes solar thermal more valuable than the wind. Initially, Terry Burke on D esertec does not believe that he tried from a scientific perspective to rebut Ke nice ideas. "But I was not successful. " Beginning, critics said that the flow of sand dunes, the reflector burial will scratch their dust storms. But Terry Burton said that these concerns are unfounded. He pointed out that 80% of the world did not desert sand dunes, of course, the power of address would avoid the nomads and animal migration routes. Placement of solar collector lens and the best place is far from the coast of the plateau, where each hectare received solar thermal 20% more than in Spain. " Closer to God, the light, the better, "D esertec's chief operating officer of Canaletto · ahringer Hove said. Ahringer D Hough hope esertec's first pilot project in Morocco Ouarzazate city, located in the South of the Atlas mountains. It's cooling uses air instead of water, the water shortage in the Sahara and definitely beneficial no disadvantages, but the cost will therefore increase by 5% to 10%. Similar projects energy company is still conservative strategy focused on Andalucia. Where the degree of intensity of solar radiation, economically effective. Spain power plant operators per kWh for 27 European division revenues. Italian company investment 5.5 billion euros in the region to establish the first solar power station, 2025 years ago, local also plans to build 50 seat similar power station.Wbr > "we are talking about a real project, not the concept," Department of Reina Ferrostaal solar · Keith Turner said. Ferrostaal headquartered in Essen, Germany city is ANDA Sol solar power stations in the third phase of the general contractor. The power station is located near the desert granar, technology is invented 100 years ago in Egypt: made with parabolic trough mirrors, steam, and promote the steam pump. The first and second phase is complete part has started production of steam, the third phase of the programme to be completed next year. Workers in the workshop will mirror installation to stainless steel shelf. Every hour there was a truck 2 .7 ton of parabolic trough out workshop, through rugged roads to the power plant. A crane and then apply the 12-metre-high parabolic trough into the concrete base. Oliver · Fleming Prague as Germany solar company Flagsol supervision ANDA Sol station. He drove a silver wagon through the rows of the mirror. The distance can see the snow covering the top of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. His cell phone every 5 minutes will ring, ring tone music is C'era. Fleming Prague said this Bell makes he thought many Westerns shoot location at the foot of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. The workers are the base of the construction of the cooling tower, at the same time, the technicians are welded tube. In the installation and production requires accurate as possible, but once you begin to put into production, this simple and efficient system up and running. You only need about five months, production of energy power plants will be able to offset the energy consumption during factory, after that, it also will continue to operate for 25 to 30 years. Salt storage facility is particularly impressive. Diameter 36 m big silver pot with liquid potassium and sodium nitrate, are commonly used to manufacture fertilizer cheap mineral salts. Control room engineer decided to solar collectors, heat transfer into the turbine generator or salt shaker. Salt tank all heating, using only thermal energy storage jar, power plant can be continuous full-load operation 7 hours. Expensive cable apart from storage tanks, the Desertec project also need cable to power transmission to the major cities in Europe. The cable must be high voltage DC (HVDC) transmission lines, this wire, power transmission loss of no more than 1000 km of 3%. At the end of 2008, the longest underwater H DV C line N orned cable opened. The power from the Netherlands to Norway, or in turn, depends on both the price at any time. Opened 3 months after Norned cable has recovered an initial investment of 10%. HVDC line wrapped with plastic on the outside, there is a layer of metal casing, there is a copper or aluminum wire, diameter of up to 5 cm. Need a robot mounted to the bottom of the sea. The cost of laying cable, connect the North Sea wind power stations and Bard Germany network between 200 kilometres of cable cost $ 3 billion euros. To stun from the Sahara to the European Minister than this 80 times to 100 times the cable. "Through the end of the laying of cables in Eastern Mediterranean economy will have no incentive to provide " N orned cable in A BB group of Jochen · crusell said: "this case, the community needs to establish the basic criteria for laying the cable line with economic interests. " France and Spain is in the Pyrenees mountains to erect high performance cable has to make up for years of disputes, this is a big challenge. In Europe, the new cable projects always receive all kinds of obstruction. "In Germany, the expansion line will have to spend 15 years, including land acquisition, and other complex processes. "Jurgen · Schmidt said," just the same as the entire project. ”大赢家然而，在几乎没有任何化石燃料资源的摩洛哥，Desertec引起了广泛关注。 Last year, Morocco adopted their own solar plan. The World Bank funding, Morocco will achieve the 2020 2000 MW of solar power generation capacity. Desertec companies also want to Italy, there is no hope of achieving EU environmental standards of the country can come from the Tunisia of clean energy to reduce their carbon footprints. > Wbr/ if D esertec success as a global solar technology leadership of Germany company will be the first to profit. These include Siemens such giants also includes some specialization in small firms. For example, the specialized production of Cologne Flagsol solar control unit; of Bavaria Schott Solar manufacturing solar bath sink; Erlangen of Solar Millenniium offers project development services. Germany, the company has already gained control of solar thermal global markets 1/3. Wuppertal Institute for climate, environment and estimation, 2050, in the most optimistic scenario, this project will bring solar energy company, Germany. The result is amazing — 2 million euros. Compilation: Yu